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Pyridine and its Derivatives
The history of the discovery of pyridine and of the development of its structure was outlined in Chapter 1, and its general character as an aromatic compound, as shown in its geometry and stability, was discussed in Chapter 2. The molecular dimensions of three important pyridine derivatives, 2-pyridone1a, 2-pyridthione1b, and nicotinic acid1c are indicated in the skeletons (1), (2), and (3). Data are available for pyridine hydrochloride2a, 1-hydroxypyridinium chloride2b, 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide3a and trans-4,4′-azopyridine 1,1′-dioxide3b.